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Biology of Digestion


Our Evolving Food Environment

Our brief history with Nutrition
Diet as an Environmental Evolutionary Pressure
Our Changing Food Environment
Industrial Revolution
Nova Classification of Foods
Canadian Food Guide
Healthy and Obesogenic Food Environments
Canadian Food Regulations: in Brief

The Gut-Brain Axis

The Gut-Brain Axis
Our biological Drive to Eat
Vagus Nerve
Hunger, Appetite, Satiation and Satiety
Cephalic Response and Vagovagal reflex
Evolutionary Pressure to Over-Consume Calories

Digestive Enzymes and the Catalytic Triad

Catalytic triad
Digestive Enzyme In the Oral Cavity
Digestive Enzymes in the Stomach
Digestive Enzymes in the Small Intestine
Digestive Enzymes in the Colon

Chemosensation (Taste, Aroma and Beyond)

Biology of Taste and Aroma
Beyond the Five Basic tastes
Chemosensing and the Ileal Break

The Oral Cavity

Mouth Process Model
Saliva
Lingual and Maternal Lipases
Salivary Amylase
Cephalic Response and Origins Of Condition Responses

The Gastric Compartment

Stomach
Antral Contraction Waves
Gastric Enzymes
Vagovagal Reflex
Intrinsic Factor

The Small Intestine

The Small Intestine
Bile, Colipase, and lipid digestion
Pancreatic and Brush Border Enzymes for Carbohydrate Digestion
Zymogens and Enzymes Involved in Protein
Digestion

Postprandial Glycemia and Lipemia

Homeostatic Control of Osmolarity
Carbohydrate Digestion and The Glycemic Response
Insulin and Diabetes
Lipid Digestion, Lipoproteins, and their Health Effects
Fatty Acid Composition and HDL/LDL
Metabolic Syndrome